Cystic lesions of the jaw bone are frequently encountered clinically.
Although they rarely lead to development of tumors, they can result in resoption of the jaw bone or asymmetry of the face may occur. Due to the numerous varieties, origin and clinical features of cysts, classification has been controversial.
The present study is aimed to help find better understanding for the diagnosis and treatment of jaw cysts. The material used in this study consists of the 198 cases of jaw cysts examined at the Department of Oral pathology, the Dental College of
Yonsei
University, for the period of November 1981 to November 1991. Classification recommended by the World Healty Organization in 1990 was applied to reclassify the 198 cases by the embryologic consideration and histopathologic re-examination. All
cases
were
analysed with clinical and radiological findings.
@ES The obtained results were as follows.
@EN 1. Of the total 198 cases, there were 64(32.3%) developmental odontogenic cysts, 13(6.6%) developmental nonodontogenic cysts, 107(54.1%) inflammatory cysts, and 14(7.1%) others. Radicular cysts numbering 96(48.6%) cases were the most common,
followed by 36 dentigerous cysts(18.2%), and 26 odontogenic keratocysts(13.1%).
2. By age group, the 20's accounted for the largest proportion of the cases(26.3%). Developmental odontogenic cysts were found evenly in all age groups and developmental nonodontogenic cysts were not found in age groups below the 20's.
Developmental
odontogenic cysts were most common in the 10's and unflammatory cysts in the 20's. When all cases were totaled, the male to female ratio was 1.9 : 1. The ratio was 2.7 : 1 for developmental cysts and 1/k7 : 1 for inflammatory cysts. In
particular,
cases of inflammatory cysts were predominantly common in males. By location, cysts on the maxilla accounted for 67,7% and the mandible 32.3%. The anterior teeth of the maxilla were the most common location(52.4%).
3. The chief complaints were swelling(49.7%), pain(19.8%), and pus discharge(12.2%), indicating that most complaints were related to inflammation and facial asymmetry. The cases which were discovered accidentally accounted for only 15.7% of the
total,
which attests to the importance of early diagnosis.
4. recurrence of jaw cysts were observed only in odontogenic keratocysts, with 4 recurrences(15.4%) among 26 cases. Radiological analysis revealed the high recurrence rate was especially high in multilocular cysts and multiple cysts(46.3%). This
indicates the high recurrence rate of odontogenic keratocysts and multiple characteristics.
5. Of the total 198 cases, 10 cases with neoplastic change were all ameloblstoma. Dentigerous cysts showed a high neoplastic change rate with 7 cases(19.4%) of 36, followed by 2 cases among 26 odontogenic keratocysts(7.7%), and 1 case of
keratinization
cases. Malignant change was not observed in this study.
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